History & Civilization
China’s First 20 World Heritage Inscriptions, Ordered by Year and Reference Number
- 1Mount Taishan
- 2The Great Wall
- 3Imperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang
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History & Civilization
17 Selected Chinese Dynasties and Regimes (Not Ranked by Duration)
- 1Han dynasty
- 2Jin dynasty (Jurchen)
- 3Jin dynasty (Western and Eastern Jin)
17 items103
History & Civilization
10 Selected Historic Cities and Ancient City Heritage Sites in China (Not Ranked by Founding Age)
- 1Anyang
- 2Beijing
- 3Jingzhou
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Oldest Universities Still Operating
- 1University of al-Qarawiyyin
- 2Al-Azhar University
- 3University of Bologna
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Largest Palace Complexes in Human History by Footprint
- 1Ebang Palace Ruins (Qin Dynasty)
- 2Forbidden City
- 3Palace of Versailles
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Countries with the Longest Cumulative Female Monarch Rule in History
- 1United Kingdom
- 2Austria (Habsburg Dynasty)
- 3Russian Empire
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History & Civilization
Top 12 Universities with the Most Nobel Laureates in History
- 1Harvard University
- 2University of Cambridge
- 3University of California, Berkeley
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Cities That Have Served as Capitals of Three or More Different Countries
- 1Jerusalem
- 2Istanbul
- 3Vienna
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Countries with the Most Historical Name Changes
- 1Cambodia
- 2Myanmar
- 3Ethiopia
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Largest Single-Structure Historical Sites in Human History
- 1Karnak Temple (Great Hypostyle Hall)
- 2Colosseum
- 3Palace of Versailles (Main Building)
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Civilizations and Empires with the Most Official Writing Systems
- 1Ottoman Empire
- 2British Empire
- 3Persian Empires
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Capital Cities by Recorded Wall Perimeter
- 1Chang'an (Tang Dynasty)
- 2Nanjing City Wall (Ming)
- 3Beijing (Inner+Outer)
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Archaeological Sites with Precision Measuring Tools
- 1Nabta Playa
- 2Nippur
- 3Great Pyramid of Giza
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Oldest Indoor Sports Arenas in Human History
- 1Copan Ballcourt
- 2Hampton Court Palace Royal Tennis Court
- 3Salisbury Tennis Court
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Most Long-Lived Global Trade Currencies in History
- 1Roman Aureus
- 2Venetian Ducat
- 3Spanish Eight-Real
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Man-Made Canals by Engineering Scale
- 1Grand Canal of China
- 2Canal of the Pharaohs
- 3Nahrawan Canal
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Museums with the Most Comprehensive Ancient Coin Collections
- 1British Museum
- 2American Numismatic Society
- 3Hermitage Museum
10 items340
History & Civilization
Top 10 Oldest Musical Instruments Discovered in Archaeology
- 1Hohle Fels Flute
- 2Geissenklösterle Flute
- 3Divje Babe Flute
10 items316
History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Cities That Served as Capitals for Multiple Civilizations
- 1Istanbul (Constantinople)
- 2Xi'an
- 3Rome
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Longest-Running Ancient Academies in History
- 1University of Al-Qarawiyyin
- 2University of Bologna
- 3Yingtianfu Academy
10 items292
History & Civilization
Top 10 Oldest Existing Wooden Buildings in Human History
- 1Horyu-ji Sai-in Garan
- 2Hokki-ji Three-story Pagoda
- 3Nanchan Temple Main Hall
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Most Extensive Human Migratory Routes Across Nations and Regions
- 1Out of Africa Route
- 2Bantu Expansion
- 3Indo-European Migration
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Longest Religious Construction Projects in Human History
- 1Sagrada Família (Spain)
- 2Cologne Cathedral (Germany)
- 3Milan Cathedral (Italy)
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Longest-Used Ancient Writing Systems in Human History
- 1Chinese Characters
- 2Egyptian Hieroglyphs
- 3Sumerian Cuneiform
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Longest-Constructed Religious Buildings Still in Use
- 1Sagrada Familia
- 2Ulm Minster
- 3Cologne Cathedral
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Most Well-Preserved Ancient Inscribed Stelae in Human History
- 1Code of Hammurabi
- 2Rosetta Stone
- 3Behistun Inscription
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Cities Aligned with Celestial Bodies
- 1Giza Pyramid Complex
- 2Teotihuacan
- 3Stonehenge
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Battles with the Highest Number of Participating Nations/Polities in History
- 1Battle of Normandy
- 2Elbe Day/Defense of Germany
- 3Battle of the Somme
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Archaeological Sites of Long-Distance Fluid Pipelines
- 1Knossos Terracotta Pipes
- 2Harappan Drainage Systems
- 3Mesopotamian Irrigation Networks
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Archaeological Sites by Number of Complete Inscriptions Discovered
- 1Ebla Archives
- 2Library of Ashurbanipal
- 3Mari Palace Archives
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient City Sites with the Highest Rates of Architectural Material Recycling
- 1Ancient Rome (Core)
- 2Great Zimbabwe
- 3Ancient Alexandria
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Earliest Domesticated Crops in Human History
- 1Fig
- 2Emmer Wheat
- 3Einkorn Wheat
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Civilizations Earliest Use of Copper Tools
- 1Cayönü
- 2Shanidar Cave
- 3Ali Kosh
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Dynasties with the Longest Written Records in Human History
- 1Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
- 2Zhou Dynasty
- 3First Babylonian Dynasty
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Pioneer Regimes in Establishing Standardized Weights and Measures
- 1Qin Dynasty
- 2Akkadian Empire
- 3New Kingdom of Egypt
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Civilizations by Generational Evolution of Writing Systems
- 1Greek Civilization
- 2Egyptian Civilization
- 3Chinese Civilization
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Largest Literature Compilations in Human History
- 1Yongle Dadian
- 2Siku Quanshu
- 3Tripitaka
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Largest Migratory Ethnic Groups and Tribes in Human History
- 1Indo-Europeans
- 2Bantu peoples
- 3Mongols
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Significant Cases of Peaceful Political Transition in Human History
- 1Polish Solidarity Movement
- 2End of Apartheid in South Africa
- 3Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Longest-Reigning Monarchs in History
- 1Louis XIV
- 2Elizabeth II
- 3Bhumibol Adulyadej
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Civilizations Using Natural Bitumen for Architectural Waterproofing
- 1Uruk
- 2Susa
- 3Ur
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Writing Systems with the Fewest Characters in Human History
- 1Rotokas Alphabet
- 2Hawaiian Alphabet
- 3Pirahã Writing System
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Empires with Over Four Official Languages
- 1Achaemenid Empire
- 2Mughal Empire
- 3Ottoman Empire
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Archaeological Sites by Single-Site Gold Coin Discovery
- 1Caesarea Underwater Hoard
- 2Sussex Gold Hoard
- 3Yavne Hoard
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Most Influential Ancient Intercontinental Trade Hubs
- 1Constantinople
- 2Alexandria
- 3Guangzhou
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Agricultural Sites Most Dependent on Precipitation
- 1Angkor Irrigation System
- 2Tikal Mayan Site
- 3Great Zimbabwe
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient City-States with the Most Advanced Sewerage Systems
- 1Rome (Ancient Rome)
- 2Mohenjo-Daro (Indus Valley)
- 3Knossos (Minoan Civilization)
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Archaeological Sites with the Most Exquisite Jewelry Finds
- 1Tomb of Tutankhamun
- 2Royal Tombs of Ur
- 3Priam's Treasure
10 items393
History & Civilization
Top 10 Oldest Ceramic Pottery Sites in Human History
- 1Xianrendong Cave
- 2Yuchanyan Cave
- 3Amur River Sites
10 items298
History & Civilization
Top 10 Most Complete Ancient Hydraulic Engineering Facilities in History
- 1Dujiangyan Irrigation System
- 2Lingqu Canal
- 3Karez Irrigation System
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Milestones in Human Polar Exploration History
- 1South Pole
- 2North Pole
- 3South Magnetic Pole
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Civilizations with the Most Complete Epistolary Archives
- 1Achaemenid Empire
- 2Neo-Babylonian Empire
- 318th Dynasty of Egypt
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History & Civilization
Top 8 Empires in History That Spanned Three Continents
- 1British Empire
- 2Ottoman Empire
- 3Roman Empire
8 items428
History & Civilization
Top 10 Oldest Known Archaeological Sites of Ancient Trade Hubs
- 1Jericho
- 2Göbekli Tepe
- 3Çatalhöyük
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Historical Non-Violent Independence Movements
- 1India
- 2Czechoslovakia
- 3South Africa
10 items354
History & Civilization
Top 10 Historical Supernova Observations
- 1SN 1006
- 2SN 1054 (Crab Nebula)
- 3Tycho's Supernova (SN 1572)
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Civilizational Capitals Centered on Maritime and Riverine Trade
- 1Alexandria
- 2Chang'an
- 3Constantinople
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Longest-Circulating Currencies in Human History
- 1Cowrie Shells
- 2British Pound
- 3Drachma
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Largest Ancient Irrigation Systems in Human History
- 1Dujiangyan Irrigation System
- 2Mesopotamian Irrigation Network
- 3Qanat System (Persian)
10 items329
History & Civilization
Top 10 Oldest Legal Codes in Human History
- 1Code of Urukagina
- 2Code of Ur-Nammu
- 3Code of Lipit-Ishtar
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Largest Historical Fortified City Walls
- 1Nanjing City Wall (Ming Dynasty)
- 2Walls of Constantinople
- 3Xi'an City Wall
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History & Civilization
Top 8 Origins of Early Human Writing Systems
- 1Mesopotamia (Sumer)
- 2Ancient Egypt
- 3Elam (Susa)
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History & CivilizationHOT
Top 10 Longest Periods of Internal Peace in Human History
- 1Roman Empire (Pax Romana)
- 2Tokugawa Shogunate (Sakoku)
- 3Switzerland (Modern Federal State)
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Archaeological Sites with the Largest Number of Recovered Artifacts in Human History
- 1Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shi Huang
- 2Tomb of Marquis of Haihun (Liu He)
- 3Tomb of Tutankhamun
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History & Civilization
Top 12 Most Destructive Natural Disasters in Human History
- 11931 Central China Floods
- 21887 Yellow River Flood
- 31556 Shaanxi Earthquake
10 items350
History & Civilization
Top 10 Oldest Continuously Inhabited Cities in the World
- 1Jericho
- 2Damascus
- 3Susa
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History & Civilization
Top 12 Largest Wars in Human History
- 1World War II
- 2World War I
- 3Napoleonic Wars
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History & Civilization
Top 15 Most Important Inventions in Human History
- 1Movable Type Printing
- 2Electric Power System
- 3The Internet
15 items636
History & Civilization
An Architecture Viewing Route: 15 Places to Study Space and Form
- 1Great Pyramid of Giza
- 2Great Wall of China
- 3Parthenon
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Oldest Civilizations in the World
- 1Sumerian Civilization
- 2Ancient Egyptian Civilization
- 3Indus Valley Civilization (Harappan)
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History & Civilization
Top 15 Historical Events That Changed the World
- 1The Industrial Revolution
- 2End of WWII and Founding of the United Nations
- 3Gutenberg's Invention of the Printing Press
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History & Civilization
Top 10 Ancient Empires by Population
- 1Mongol Empire
- 2Abbasid Caliphate
- 3Han Dynasty
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History & CivilizationHOT
Top 12 Longest-Reigning Dynasties in Human History
- 1Zhou Dynasty
- 2Imperial House of Japan
- 3Solomonic Dynasty
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History & Civilization
Top 15 Largest Empires in History
- 1British Empire
- 2Mongol Empire
- 3Russian Empire
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