In the history of exoplanet exploration, we are shifting from discovery to characterization.

• WASP-39b stands as the current 'King of Chemistry', being the first to reveal photochemistry through sulfur dioxide detection.
• The JWST high-resolution infrared observations have revolutionized the field, enabling the detection of trace metal vapors and complex hydrocarbons.
• Most of these planets are 'Hot Jupiters', whose scorching atmospheres provide the high contrast needed for detailed spectral analysis.