As our closest evolutionary relative, the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) rightfully claims the top spot. Research confirms that chimpanzee DNA is roughly 98.8% identical to that of humans. In cognitive assessments, chimpanzees have demonstrated phenomenal short-term working memory—in numerical sequencing tests, they can instantly memorize and tap a series of digits from 1 to 9 after a split-second flash, consistently outperforming most college students in speed and accuracy. Beyond mere memory, they are natural 'toolmakers'—using sticks to fish for termites or rocks to crack nuts—and possess a sophisticated social intelligence. Their ability to form alliances and employ political strategy to navigate group hierarchy represents a level of strategic thinking rarely matched elsewhere in the animal kingdom.