Throughout human history, King Louis XIV of France (the 'Sun King') holds the record for the longest verified reign of any monarch, ruling for 72 years and 110 days (1643–1715). To put this into perspective: had he reigned in the modern era, he would have seen 18 U.S. presidential elections, and when he took the throne, basics like the lightbulb, the automobile, or even widespread coffee consumption in Europe did not exist. While monarchs like Sobhuza II of Swaziland may boast longer total lifespans on the throne (including regencies), Louis XIV remains the undisputed champion of actual, verified personal rule. His reign not only turned France into the undisputed European superpower of the era but also transformed the Palace of Versailles into the ultimate symbol of absolute monarchy. Such an extraordinary tenure redefined the limits of political longevity and the stability of state governance.