A market value is not a salary, and not a transfer fee. It is an estimate of what a club would reasonably have to pay for a player right now — and the single biggest driver is not fame but age and remaining contract length. That explains the most counter-intuitive thing about this list: Messi, Ronaldo, Kane, Salah, De Bruyne and Modrić, arguably the six best-known footballers alive, are nowhere in the top twenty. Past thirty, valuations fall off a cliff.

At the other end, Lamine Yamal — born in 2007 — reached the top of the global valuation table before his nineteenth birthday. Nineteen of these twenty players were born in 1998 or later; only Rodri (1996) counts as a veteran.

The positional spread is just as lopsided: not one goalkeeper and not one centre-back appears. Every name is a winger, attacking midfielder, central or defensive midfielder, or striker. By league it is the Premier League (8), La Liga (7), Ligue 1 (3) and Bundesliga (2) — Serie A places nobody at all. And valuations remain only valuations: the €222 million PSG paid for Neymar in 2017 was more than double what any model of the day said he was worth.