Top 10Updated 2026年3月15日
Top 10 Biological Species with the Lowest Mutation Rates
This ranking is based on whole-genome sequencing and evolutionary genetics studies, evaluating species that exhibit exceptionally high replication fidelity per generation or per nucleotide site. Extremely low mutation rates are crucial for maintaining genomic stability, providing deep insights into longevity, evolutionary stasis, and radiation resistance mechanisms.
Current #1
Certain Thermophilic Archaea
Interesting Facts & Summary
Miracles of Genomic Stability
Mutation rates are not uniform across nature. Genomic stability is often linked to effective population size, replication mechanisms, and repair fidelity.
- Viruses vs. Archaea: While some viruses mutate rapidly, certain extremophilic archaea have evolved highly precise DNA polymerases.
- Longevity Champions: Organisms like Hydra and the Immortal Jellyfish maintain extremely low mutation rates through specialized somatic repair mechanisms.
- Fun Fact: Some highly evolved eukaryotes protect specific genomic regions to suppress mutations, achieving phenotypic stability over millions of years.
| Rank | Organism Name | Mutation Rate per site per generation (10^-9) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Certain Thermophilic Archaea | 0.05 | Highly efficient DNA repair enzymes | |
Hydra | 0.12 | Exceptional regenerative and stem cell maintenance | |
Turritopsis dohrnii | 0.15 | Lifecycle reversal coupled with precise repair | |
| 4 | Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Haploid) | 0.2 | High fidelity under laboratory conditions |
| 5 | Arabidopsis thaliana | 0.7 | Benchmark for genomic repair in plants |
| 6 | Escherichia coli (Optimized strains) | 0.8 | Reduced errors via replication checkpoints |
| 7 | Caenorhabditis elegans | 1.2 | Highly conserved genome despite short cycle |
| 8 | Heterocephalus glaber | 1.5 | Robust anti-tumor and DNA repair mechanisms |
| 9 | Drosophila melanogaster | 1.8 | Genetic stability post-high evolution |
| 10 | Homo sapiens (Germline) | 2 | Complex but with tight replication checkpoints |
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